备考2018年//同等学力英语词汇集训43(2017年8月23-24日)

  some[]a. 几个;一些;有些;某(人或物)pron. 一些

  [语境]She won a competition in some newspaper or other.

  她参加某报纸举办的比赛获胜。

  If you save some money each week, we can go on holiday.

  要是你每星期能存点儿钱,咱们就可以外出度假了。

  somehow[]ad. 以某种方式,用某种方法;不知怎么地

  [语境]He could have finished it on schedule, but somehow he fell behind.

  他原本能按预定进度做完这件事的,但不知怎地却落后了。

  We'll get there somehow, by boat or otherwise.

  我们总要设法去那里的,乘船也好,用其他办法也好。

  [考点]somehow or other 不知是什么原因

  sometimes[]ad. 将来(或过去)某个时候 a. 以前的

  [巧记]some某一+ time时间

  [语境]Good student as he is (=Though he is a good student), he sometimes makes mistakes.

  虽然他是好学生,偶而也会犯错。

  Mr. Smith sometimes condescends to help his wife with the housework.

  史密斯先生有时屈尊帮他的妻子做家务。

  somewhat[]pron./ad. 一点儿,几分

  [巧记]some某+what什么

  [语境]We are suffering somewhat from the heat.

  我们因为酷热有些不好受。

  The cake we made was somewhat of a failure.

  我们做的蛋糕不大成功。

  [考点]somewhat of [口]有点; 相当

  somewhere[]ad. 某地,在某处;在附近,前后,大约

  [巧记]some某+where处

  [语境]A musical bell softly sounded somewhere in the passageway.

  走廊的某处响起轻柔悦耳的铃声。

  It was dawn, and I could hear a cock crowing somewhere.

  天亮了,我听到从某处传来雄鸡的啼叫声。

  [考点]go somewhere out of town 到城外某处去;somewhere about 在...附近,大约

  soon[]ad. 不久,即刻;快,早

  [语境]He left as soon as he heard the news.

  他一听到这事儿就走了。

  He didn't arrive as soon as we'd hoped.

  他到达的时间比我们预期的要迟

  sorrow[]n. 悲伤,忧愁

  [语境]Life has many joys and sorrows.

  人生有许多欢乐和悲伤。

  It was more in sorrow than in anger that he criticized his former colleague.

  他批评以前的同事,并非出于气愤而是为他惋惜。

  [考点]convert sorrow into strength化悲痛为力量;share the sorrows and joys同甘共苦

  sorry[]a. 对不起,抱歉的;难过,悔恨的;使人伤心

  [语境]He was sorry for her and tried to cheer her up.

  他为她感到难过,并试图使她振作起来。

  I was sorry to hear that your cat had died.

  听说你的猫死了,我觉得很难过。

  sort[]n. 种类,类别v. 分类,整理

  [语境]I'll leave you to sort this problem out.

  我把这个问题交给你来处理。

  She's been out of sorts since the birth of her baby.

  她生了孩子以後身体一直不好。

  [考点]sort out 分出, 分类, 归类;in a sort 有些, 稍微, 有几分;of the sort 那样的; 这类的...., 诸如此类的...

  sound[]n. 声音v. 发声,响a. 健全的,完好的;正当的

  [语境]He's always sounding off about how he would manage the firm.

  他总是大言不惭地说他能把公司经营好。

  I caught a curious sound in the neighboring room.

  我听到隔壁房间里有奇怪的响声。

  sour[]a. 酸的,酸腐的;脾气坏的,刻薄的

  [巧记]派生词:souring(n. 变[加]酸,能引起变酸的物质) sourish(adj. 微酸的; 略带酸味的)

  [语境]The old man has been soured by poverty.

  那老人因贫困而变得乖戾了。

  The hot weather has soured the milk.

  炎热的天气使牛奶变酸了。

  [考点]合成词:soure cream酸奶油;sourdough n.含酵母的面团;sourpuss n. 坏脾气的人;sour...on...使对……产生反感

  source[]n. 源,源泉;来源,根源

  [巧记]同义词:origin(n.起源; 起因; 由来; 出身)

  [语境]He cited many sources for his book.

  他在书中引用了许多资料。

  This account provides you with a ready source of income.

  这个户头为你提供了一个现成的收入来源。

  [考点]source产生,形成某事物的地方,来源或根源,这种来源一般持续存在,不会突然消失

  sow[]v. 播种

  [巧记]派生词:sower(n. 播种者; 传播者; 播种机)

  [语境]Early sow, early mow.

  【谚】早种早收。

  Our sow had 15 at one farrow.

  我们的母猪一胎下了15个小猪.

  space[]n. 间隔;空地,余地;空间v. 留间隔,隔开

  [语境]Space your words when you write.

  写字的时候要把字均匀地隔开。

  There is plenty of space here to move about.

  这里有很大的活动空间。

  [考点]breathing space 松口气的时间, 喘息的机会,活动空间; 走动场所; for a space 暂时; 短时间; 一段时间 ;for the space of a mile 一英里的距离

  spare[]a. 业余的,备用的 v. 让给,抽出(时间);饶恕

  [语境]It was a horrible accident—I’ll spare you the details.

  这是一次令人毛骨悚然的事故,我就不告诉你细节了。

  [考点]spare sth for sb/sth,spare sb sth和某人分享某物;spare sb’s feelings不要使人难过

  spark[]n. 火花,火星v. 发火花,发电花

  [巧记]派生词:sparkover (n. 打[跳]火花,火花[绝缘]击穿)sparkpen (n. 放电笔)

  [语境]The exhaust pipe shot sparks.

  排气管中射出了火星。

  The vital spark in him makes him an artist.

  他的生气勃勃的活力使他成为一个艺术家。

  [考点]fairy sparks 磷火, 鬼火;spark sth. off (=sparkoff sth.) 使爆炸, 引爆; [喻]导致; 引起

  speak[]v. 说话,讲话;演说,发言;(in)说某种语言

  [语境]I'm quite capable of speaking for myself, thank you!

  我还是有能力把话说清楚的,谢谢你吧。

  Does anyone speak English here?

  这儿有人会说英语吗?

  special[]a. 专门的,特殊的;特别好的

  [巧记]派生词:specialist(n.专科医师, 专家)

  [语境]She is a special friend of mine.

  她是我一个特别亲密的朋友。

  Take special care tonight because the road is icy.

  路面结冰了,今晚要格外小心。

  [考点]on special 以特价出售;special purpose特殊目的

  specialist[]v. (in)专攻,专门研究,专业化

  [巧记]special + -ist

  [语境]The provision of specialist teachers is being increased.

  配备专业教员的人数有所增加.

  A specialist in the theory and practice of education.

  教育家教育理论和实践方面的专家

  specific[]a. 具体的,明确的;特有的,特定的

  [巧记]派生词:specification(n.规格, 详细说明书, 详述)specificity (n.具体性; 明确性)

  [语境]She says she’ll come,but I can’t nail her down to a specific time.

  她说她会来,我却无法让她说出确切的时间。

  He gave us very specific instructions.

  他给我们做了非常明确的指示。

  [考点]speci-词根,表示特性,具有特性,这类词语还有:specify v.明确说出,专门提到;specially adv.特别,专门;specification n.明确,具体要求

  specify[]vt. 指定,详细说明

  [语境]The contract specifies red tiles,not slates,for the roof.

  合同中规定屋顶要用红瓦而不用石板瓦。

  The regulations specify that you may use a dictionary in the examination.

  规则中指明考试时可以用词典。

  [考点]specify by 用...说明

  speed[]n. 速度,快v. 迅速,前进,急行;加速,使加速

  [巧记]派生词:speeding(n.超速行驶)

  [语境]The train soon speeded up.

  火车不久就加快了速度。

  This plane can reach speeds in excess of 1000 kilometers an hour.

  这架飞机可以达到每小时一千公里以上的速度。

  [考点]at speed 飞快地

  spell[]v. 拼写

  [巧记]spelling(n.拼字; 拼法; 拼写)

  [语境]Could you spell that word out for me again?

  那个字你再拼一遍好吗?

  The Americans spell some words differently from the British.

  美国人拼写某些单词不同于英国人。[考点]

  [考点]spell out 把一个词的字母拼出来,详细解释, 清楚地说;spell over 思考, 考虑

  spend[]v. 花费;消耗,用尽;度过,消磨

  [语境]We spent many hours in a pleasant conversation.

  我们畅谈了好几个小时。

  Come and spend the weekend with us.

  来和我们一起度周末吧。

  [考点]固定搭配:spent time on doing sth.

  spill[]v. 溢出,溅出

  [巧记]派生词:spillage(n.溢出, 溢出量)spillover(n.溢出, 外流人口)

  [语境]Don't jog me, or you'll make me spill something!

  别碰我, 不然我就把东西弄洒了.

  Put the cap back on the bottle, otherwise the juice will spill.

  把瓶盖儿盖好, 要不汁液就洒出来了.

  [考点]spill the beans 说漏嘴

  spin[]v. 旋转;纺纱;织网,吐丝

  [巧记]派生词:spinnery(n. 纱,纺纱厂; 纺织厂)spinnability(n. 可纺性,拉丝性)

  [语境]The collision sent the car spinning across the road.

  汽车被撞得转著圈儿冲到路的另一边。

  [考点]spin out 拉长, 拖延, 使勉强维持一段时间,消磨, 度过 ;spin round 旋转

  spirit[]n. 精神;志气;(pl.)情绪,心情;(pl.)酒精

  [巧记]spirited(adj.有精神的, 生气勃勃的, 活泼的)

  [语境]We need a spirit of enterprise if we are to overcome our difficulties.

  如果我们要克服困难,我们就要有进取精神。

  The priest says that the human spirit never dies.

  牧师说,人的灵魂永远不死。

  [考点]a man of spirit 精神饱满的人; the fighting spirit 斗志

  spit[]v. 唾,吐痰 n. 唾液

  [语境]It’s rude to spit in public.

  在公共场合随便吐痰是不礼貌的。

  spite[]n. 恶意;怨恨

  [巧记]派生词:spiteful(adj.怀恨的; 有恶意的)

  [语境]He failed to lift the rock in spite of all his exertions.

  他虽竭尽全力,但仍然未能将那石头搬起来。

  I'm sure he took my parking space just out of spite.

  我认为他侵占我的停车位肯定是有意和我作对。

  [考点]in spite of 不管, 不顾;out of spite 为泄恨, 为出气;cut off one's nose to spite one's face 损人不利已

  splendid[]a. 壮丽的,辉煌的;极好的

  [巧记]派生词:splendidly(adv.很好, 令人满意地)

  [语境]The royal couple appeared in splendid array.

  王室伉俪身穿盛装出现.

  You're all doing a splendid job; keep up the good work!

  你们干得都很出色, 要坚持下去!

  [考点]a splendid scene 壮丽的景象;a splendid idea 极好的主意

  split[]v. 劈开,裂开 a.分裂的 n. 裂缝,裂口;分化,分裂

  [巧记]“split”谐音“死不裂它”——胡编:往死里裂它。

  [语境]The children split(up)into groups.

  孩子们分成了小组。

  [考点]spirit up分成小组;spirit with和……分开(离婚); spirit on告密;spirit away脱落下来,分裂出去;spirit hairs吹毛求疵;spirit second不到一分钟,一眨眼的时间

  spoil[]vt. 搞糟,损坏;宠坏,溺爱 vi. 食物变坏

  [巧记]派生词:spoilable(adj.能够被损坏的)spoilage(n.掠夺; 损坏物; 糟蹋; 印坏的废纸)

  [语境]The child was spoilt by his grandfather.

  这孩子被他的爷爷给惯坏了。

  He had spoiled the soup by putting in too much salt.

  他往汤里放盐太多,把汤给糟蹋了。

  sport[]n.(体育)运动 pl.)运动会 vi. 开玩笑;玩耍

  [语境]Baseball is more popular than any other sport in Japan.

  在日本,棒球比其他任何运动都受人欢迎。

  Wrestling is in a twilight zone between sport and entertainment.

  摔交是介於运动和娱乐两者之间的活动.

  spot[]vt. 认出,认清;玷污,弄脏 n. 地点,场所;点,斑点,污点

  [巧记]派生词:spotless(adj.无脏污的, 无可挑剔的, 无缺点的)spotlight(n.照明灯, 聚光灯, 车头灯v.聚光照明; 使突出醒目; 使公众注意)

  [语境]He spotted his reputation by lying repeatedly.

  他因反复说谎而败坏了自己的名声。

  She had chicken-pox and was covered in spots.

  她得了水痘,出了一身丘疹。

  [考点]in a spot处境困难;on the spot当场,在现场;weak spot弱点;spot check抽查

  spread[]v./n. 伸开,伸展;散布,传播

  [语境]The rapid spread of the disease is alarming the medical authorities.

  这种疾病的迅速蔓延使医疗当局感到忧虑不安。

  A wide stretch of land spread in front of us.

  展现在我们面前的是一片广阔的土地。

  [考点]spread oneself 舒展四肢, 夸夸其谈, 做得过分;spread out 展开;spread the word 传言, 散步谣言, 散播耳闻

  spring[]n. 春;跳;泉,源泉;弹簧,发条

  v. 跳,跳跃

  [巧记]派生词:springboard(n.跳板, 出发点);springiness(n.弹性; 润湿; 轻快)

  [语境]Spring is here.

  春天来了。

  A suspicion sprang up in his mind.

  他的脑中突然产生了一些疑问。

  [考点]spring over 跳过

  square[]n. 正方形;广场a. 正方形的v. 使成方形

  [巧记]派生词:squared(adj.成正方形的; 有方格的)squareness(n.呈方形; 一丝不苟; 公正, 诚实)

  [语境]Can I leave you to square up with the waiter?

  我把跟服务员结帐的事交给你办行吗?

  [考点]square up 付讫; 结清;square meter 平方米;square shooter 公正的人

  stabilize/-ise[]v. 使稳定, 使稳固; 使稳定平衡; 平抑...的价格; 稳定, 安定

  [巧记]派生词:stabilization(n.稳定, 安定)stability(n.稳定, 稳定性; 坚定; 安定; 恒心);同义词:steady(v.使稳固; 使镇定)

  [语境]His condition has now stabilized.

  他的情况稳定下来了。

  stable[]a.安定的,稳定的

  [巧记]派生词:stability n.稳定性;instability n.不稳定性;unstable adj. 不稳定的,不能变化的

  [语境]The patient’s condition is stable.

  病人情况稳定。

  He’s about the most stable person I know.

  我认识的人当中,数他最稳重。

  staff[]n. 全体职工;杠,棒;参谋部 v. 配备工作人员

  [语境]I have arranged that one of my staff will meet you at the airport.

  我已经安排好派一个职员到飞机场接你。

  [考点]be on the staff 在职, 在编人员;set up one's staff (of rest) 在某地定居下来, 住下来

  stage[]n. 舞台,戏剧;阶段,时期

  [巧记]派生词:stagehand(n.舞台管理)

  [语境]The disease is still in its primary stage.

  这疾病仍然在初发阶段。

  Negotiations were at a crucial stage.

  谈判正处于一个关键的阶段。

  [考点]stage effect 舞台效果;at this stage 眼下;go on the stage 当演员;by stages 分阶段地, 分期地;set the stage for 为...打好基础; 为...创造条件

  stain[]n. 污染,污点 vt. 沾染,污染

  [巧记]派生词:stainability(n. 可染性)

  [语境]He stained the wood dark brown.

  他把木头染成深褐色了。

  [考点]a stain on sb.'s character 声誉上的污点

  stamp[]n. 邮票;印;跺脚;标志 v. 跺脚,顿足;盖章

  [语境]She stamped on the insect and killed it.

  她踩死了一只虫子。

  The stamp in your library book shows it must be returned tomorrow.

  你从图书馆借的书上的戳记表明,这本书必须明天归还。

  [考点]stamp on sth. 踩在某物上面,拒绝; 否绝 ;stamp out 踏灭(火), 根绝, 扑灭[镇压](暴动等) ,用印模冲压;stamp sb. as 标志某人是...; 表示某人是;stamp sth. on 在...上盖印, 留下印记; 惩治;stamp with sth. 把某物盖印在...上面, 在...上面铭刻某物

  stand[]vi. 站立;位于;经受 n. 台,座;货摊;立场

  [语境]She took a firm stand on nuclear disarmament.

  她在核裁军的问题上态度很坚决。

  He kicked the ball to the stand.

  他把球踢到看台上了。

  [考点]take a stand on [over] 对...采取坚定的立场;stand aside 站开; 袖手旁观;stand up 站起来,持久;stand with 同...一致; 和...站在一起

  standard[]n. 标准,规格

  [巧记]stand 站 + ard←ort 地点

  [语境]The teacher sets high standard for his pupils.

  这位老师给他的学生们定下高标准。

  This is one of the standard books on the subject.

  这是有关这个问题的权威著作之一。

  [考点]The living standard生活水平;be up to the standard合乎标准;the working standard工作条件

  start[]v. 开始;动身;吃惊;开办,开动 n. 开端;惊起

  [语境]She started at the sound of my voice.

  她听到了我的声音,蓦地一惊。

  The society was started in 1980.

  该协会是1980年创建的。

  [考点]start for 动身去;start up 突然出现;start after 开始追赶某人

  state[]n. 状态,情况;国,州v. 陈述,说明

  [巧记]派生词:statable(adj.可以陈述的)statement(n. 陈述, 声明, 指令; 发表声明, 表达)

  [语境]Should industry be controlled by the state?

  工业应该由国家控制吗?

  His general state of health is fairly satisfactory.

  他总的健康状况相当令人满意。

  [考点]the state of affairs 事态, 情况, 形势;state one's views 陈述自己的观点;in state 堂皇地, 庄重地; 正式地; 郑重地

  statement[]n. 声明,陈述

  [巧记]state + -ment

  [语境]The purport of the statement is that the firm is bankrupt.

  该项声明大意是说该商行已经破产。

  [考点]issue a statement 发表一项声明

  statistic[]n. 统计量; 统计数值 adj. 统计的, 统计学的

  [巧记]statistical(adj.统计的; 统计学的)statistician(n.统计员; 统计学家)statistics(n.统计, 统计资料; 统计学)

  [语境]I happen to have the official statistics with me.

  我碰巧身边有官方的统计数字。

  Have you any statistics that would enforce your argument?

  你有任何统计资料可以加强你的论点吗?

  status[]n. 身份,地位;情形,状况

  [巧记]state状态;status指人在社会的地位或事物所处的状态

  [语境]He’s very aware of his status.

  他很在意自己的重要身份。

  [考点]class status 阶级成分;social status 社会地位